Mess
Housing
The Philippine Star
April 29, 2002
THE government's
housing program continues to draw controversy. The latest hint of
another potential scandal is the ouster of Pag-IBIG CEO Manny Crisostomo
last February, and this should send terrifying signals to members
and investors of the decades-old Fund. As a career officer - having
spent more than 20 years in various housing agencies - his dismissal
comes in the wake of pressure by government to move more funds to
socialized housing.
In fact, not
even a month after Crisostomo's removal from office, Pag-IBIG Fund
started releasing more money to bail out housing loans incurred
by the past and present government administrations on its centerpiece
shelter program. Conveniently too, this happened just after the
GSIS (Government Service Insurance System) and the SSS (Social Security
System) - citing the imperiled state of members' contributions -
had begged off from expending more of its funds to support this
program.
Messing around
with Pag-IBIG's portfolio appears to be another politically expedient
but economically unsound government decision to channel hard-earned
savings of member-contributors' pension funds to finance a government
promise or to bail out of bad loans. (In this case, it looks like
it is both.)
Dream
House Remains a Dream
The problem
of socialized or subsidized housing is one that continues to plague
our political leaders. Started by the Aquino administration, the
shelter program pledged to bridge the gap between the homeless population
and the number of available low-cost housing. But the logic flaw
of such grand dreams is often in its do-ability. Panaginip na mananatiling
panaginip.
Succeeding leaderships
(Ramos, Estrada and Macapagal-Arroyo) continued to harp on this
seemingly visionary gesture by grandly promising a house for every
Filipino. This political promise is measured by the usual tug-of-war
on the promise of the number of houses to be built versus the number
of houses that have been built.
What is conveniently
glossed over is the need to ensure that a sustainable housing finance
system is firmly in place with participation of the private sector.
Thus, what we now have are an outstanding amount of bad loans made
by homeowners who have run out of money to pay on amortizations,
and houses that have stood empty for so long because there have
been no takers.
Concluding,
what this simply means is that the promise of more houses does not
necessarily mean every Filipino owning a home for his family.
Home
Developers, Not the Homeless, Happy
Those who have
largely benefited from this politically attractive but economically
flawed program are home developers who embraced the scheme because
of the guarantee that they would get paid for the houses they built
regardless of whether these were sold or bought. If these home developers
are now complaining that government has been slow in paying them,
serves them well for jumping in on such hare-brained scheme.
If government
administrations think that they are earning pogi points by counting
the number of houses built, they better think twice because as long
as newly-constructed houses continue to be beyond the reach of families,
there is no political impact.
Pension Funds
At Risk in the Name of Politics
Currently, government's
exposure in housing loans is already over P300 billion. Largest
at risk are the GSIS, SSS and, recently, Pag-IBIG, all of which
channel members' pension money to the government's National Home
Mortgage Finance Corporation (NHMFC) and the Home Insurance and
Guaranty Corp. (HIGC).
NHMFC and HIGC,
in turn, extend the loans to prospective homeowners through the
economically logic-flawed United Home Lending Program (UHLP) of
the government. This program was suspended after creating the monstrous
problem that is the reason why government housing is a mess today.
In the first
place, pension funds cannot continue to be the milking cows of scatty
political platforms. As private funds administered by the government,
they are not into the business of subsidizing housing loans. Their
priority should be generating earnings for their members' future
needs.
The SSS, for
instance, reportedly burned around P29 billion in the now bankrupt
NHMFC. It is borrowed money that wouldn't be plowed back to its
coffers. Money that SSS needs desperately now given its dwindling
actuarial valuations.
GSIS too had
suffered close-to-irreversible damage in previous years; so much
so that present managers have committed not to fall in the same
trap again. Not wanting to be thrown into an equivalent predicament,
Pag-IBIG initially put up a fight. Obviously, it has not so far
been successful.
Cut
Subsidies and Let the Market Take Over
Currently, government's
housing ideology is politically biased. It features interventionist
subsidy policies set up supposedly to make housing affordable to
those who cannot afford. Housing subsidies, however, as gleaned
from the profile of people who have availed of housing loans, have
largely been given to people who can afford. Politics also means
palakasan.
We must trust
the private sector to develop its own initiatives to bringing sustainable
and affordable housing for deserving Filipinos. Government's role
is to set policies that will guide and facilitate this vision. Government
should govern; business should do business.
If we have millions
of Filipino families who cannot afford their own homes, government
must drive policies to increase the productivity of our people so
they can pay for shelter. Not to artificially bring down prices
of homes.
This leads us
to my favorite premise. Everything has a cost. Nothing comes free
these days.
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